AnthroGlobe Bibliography: Foraging Peoples S-Z

The World-Wide Web Virtual Library
[Alphabetical || Category Subtree || WWW VL database]

Bibliography of Foraging Peoples: S-Z by Robert Lawless robert.lawless@wichita.edu

Last updated: 10 Apr 2005

This document is a part of a larger collection of the AnthroGlobe specialist bibliographies. It forms a subsection of the Asian Studies WWW VL and Pacific Studies WWW VL.

Do you have any corrections or addenda to this bibliography? If so, contact the Editor at the email address listed above. Your input will be gratefully received and acknowledged.

Bibliography of Foraging Peoples

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

S Return to Top of this page

Sackett, Lee. 1979. The Pursuit of Prominence: Hunting in an Australian Aboriginal Community. Anthropologica 21:223-246.

Saffirio, G., and R. Scaglion. 1982. Hunting and Efficiency in Acculturated and Unacculturated Yanomam– Villages. Journal of Anthropological Research 38:315.327.

Sahlins, Marshall. 1968. Notes on the Original Affluent Society. In Man the Hunter. Richard B. Lee and Irven DeVore, eds. Pp. 85-89. Chicago: Aldine.

Sahlins, Marshall. 1972. Stone Age Economics. Chicago: Aldine.

Saito, Hisafumi. 1998. We Are One Flesh: Unity and Migration of the Yabio. In Fringe Area of Highlands in Papua New Guinea. Shuji Yoshida and Yukio Toyoda, eds. Pp. 93-112. Senri Ethnological Series 47.

Sampson, C. Garth. 1988. Stylistic Boundaries Among Mobile Hunter-Foragers. Washington: Smithsonian Institutional Press.

Samuel, Cheryl. 1987. The Raven's Tail. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Sanger, David. 1996. Testing the Models: Hunter-Gatherer Use of Space in the Gulf of Maine, U.S.A. World Archaeology 27:512-526.

Sansom, Basil. 1988. A Grammar of Exchange. In Being Black: Aboriginal Cultures in "Settled" Australia. Ian Keen, ed. Pp. 159-177. Canberra: Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies.

Santachiara-Benerecetti, A. Silvana. 1991. A Study of 17 Enzyme Markers in African Pygmies. In African Pygmies. Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, ed. Pp. 248-272. New York: Academic.

Sarno, Louis. 1993. Song from the Forest: My Life among the Ba-BenjellÈ Pygmies. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

Satterthwait, L. 1987. Socioeconomic Implications of Australian Aboriginal Net Hunting. Man 22:613-636.

Savishinsky, Joel S. 1981. Mobility as an Aspect of Stress in an Arctic Community. American Anthropologist 73:604-18.

Savishinsky, Joel S. 1994. The Trail of the Hare: Environment and Stress in a Sub-Arctic Community, 2nd ed. New York: Gordon and Breach.

Savishinsky, Joel S., and H. Hara. 1981. Hare. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 6: Subarctic. June Helm, ed. Pp. 314-325. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution.

Scarry, C. Margaret, ed. 1993. Foraging and Farming in the Eastern Woodlands. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.

Schalk, R. 1978. Foragers of the Northwest Coast of North America: The Ecology of Aboriginal Land Use Systems. Ph.D. dissertation, University of New Mexico.

Schalk, R. 1981. Land Use and Organizational Complexity among Foragers of Northwestern North America. In Affluent Foragers: Pacific Coasts East and West. Senri Ethnological Studies, No. 9. Shuzo Koyama and David Hurst Thomas, eds. Pp.53-76. Osaka: National Museum of Ethnology.

Schaller, G., and G. Lowther. 1969. The Relevance of Carnivore Behavior to the Study of Early Hominids. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 25:307:341.

Schapera, Isaac. 1930. The Khoisan Peoples of South Africa: Bushmen and Hottentots. London: Routledge and Paul.

Schapera, Isaac. 1933. The Tswana. London: International African Institute.

Schebesta, Paul. 1973. Among the Forest Dwarfs of Malaya. London: Hutchinson (first published 1929).

Schebesta, Paul. 1933. Among the Congo Pygmies. London: Hutchinson.

Schebesta, Paul. 1936. My Pygmy and Negro Hosts.

Schebesta, Paul. 1937. Revisiting My Pygmy Hosts.

Scheffler, Harold W. 1971. A Study in Structural Semantics: The Siriono Kinship System. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.

Scheinsohn, Vivian. 2003. Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology in South America. In Annual Review of Anthropology, Vol. 23. William H. Durham, ed. Pp. 339-361. Palo Alto, California: Annual Reviews.

Schlesier, Karl H., ed. 1994. Plains Indians, A.D. 500-1500. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.

Schnirelman, V. A. 1994. Cherchez le Chien: Perspectives on the Economy of the Traditional Fishing-Oriented People of Kamchatka. In Key Issues in Hunter-Gatherer Research. Ernest S. Burch, Jr., and Linda J. Ellanna, eds. Pp. 169-188. Oxford, England: Berg.

Schoener, Thomas W. 1971. Theory of Feeding Strategies. Annual Review of Ecology and Systems 2:369-404.

Schoolcraft, Henry. 1958. Expedition to Lake Itasca: The Discovery of the Source of the Mississippi. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press (first published 1834).

Schrire, Carmel. 1980. An Inquiry into the Evolutionary Status and Apparent Identity of San Hunter-Gatherers. Human Ecology 8:9-32.

Schrire, Carmel. 1984. Wild Surmises on Savage Thoughts. In Past and Present in Hunter-Gatherer Studies. Carmel Schrire, ed. Pp. 1-25. New York: Academic.

Schrire, Carmel, and W. L. Steiger. 1974. A Matter of Life and Death: An Investigation into the Practice of Infanticide in the Arctic. Man 9:161-184.

Schrire, Carmel, and W. L. Steiger. 1974. Demographic Models and Female Infanticide. Man 10:470-472.

Schrire, Carmel, and W. L. Steiger. 1981. Arctic Infanticide Revisited. Etudes/Inuit/Studies 5:111-117.

Schrire, Carmel, ed. 1984. Past and Present in Hunter-Gatherer Studies. New York: Academic.

Schuster, Helen H. 1982. The Yakimas: A Critical Bibliography. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

Schweitzer, Peter P. 1999. The Chukchi and Siberian Yupik of the Chukshi Peninsula, Russia. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly, eds. Pp. 137-141. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Schweitzer, Peter P. 2000. Silence and Other Misunderstandings: Russian Anthropology, Western Hunter-Gatherer Debates, and Siberian Peoples. In Hunters and Gatherers in the Modern World: Conflict, Resistance, and Self-Determination. Peter P. Schweitzer, Megan Biesele, and Robert K. Hitchcock, eds. Pp. 29-51. New York: Berghahn.

Schweitzer, Peter P., Megan Biesele, and Robert K. Hitchcock, eds. 2000. Hunters and Gatherers in the Modern World: Conflict, Resistance, and Self-Determination. New York: Berghahn.

Scollon, Ronald, And Suzanne B. Scollon. 1979. Linguistic Convergence: An Ethnography of Speaking at Fort Chipewyan, Alberta. New York: Academic Press.

Scott, Colin H. 1986. Hunting Territories, Hunting Bosses and Communal Production among Coastal James Bay Cree. Anthropologica 28:163-173.

Scott, Colin H. 1988. Property, Practice, and Aboriginal Rights among Quebec Cree Hunters. In Hunters and Gatherers: Property, Power and Ideology. Tim Ingold, David Riches, and James C. Woodburn, eds. Pp. 35-51. Oxford, England: Berg.

Scott, Colin H. 1989. Knowledge Construction among Cree Hunters: Metaphors and Literal Understanding. Journal de la SociÈtÈ des AmÈricanistes 75:193-208.

Scott, E. C., and F. E. Johnston. 1982. Critical Fat, Menarche, and the Maintenance of Menstrual Cycles: A Critical Review. Journal of Adolescent Health Care 2:249-260.

Seddle, R. 1996. Race Resistance and the Ainu of Japan. London: Routledge.

Seguin, Margaret, ed. 1993. The Tsimshian: Images of the Past; Views for the Present. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Seligmann, C. G., and B. Z. Seligmann. 1911. The Veddas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Sellato, Bernard. 1993. Myth, History and Modern Cultural Identity among Hunter-Gatherers: A Borneo Case. Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 24(1):18-43.

Sellato, Bernard. 1994. Nomads of the Borneo Rainforest: The Economics, Politics, and Ideology of Settling Down. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.

Sept, Jeanne. 1992. Was There No Place Like Home? Current Anthropology 33:187-207.

Sept, Jeanne. 1994. Beyond Bones: Archaeological Sites, Early Hominid Subsistence, and the Costs and Benefits of Exploiting Wild Plant Foods in East African Riverine Landscapes. Journal of Human Evolution 27:295-320.

Service, Elman R. 1971. Primitive Social Organization: An Evolutionary Perspective, 2nd ed. New York: Random.

Service, Elman R. 1979. The Hunters, 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.

Shackleton, J. C. 1988. Reconstructing Past Shorelines as an Approach to Determining Factors Affecting Shellfish Collecting in the Prehistoric Past. In The Archaeology of Prehistoric Coastlines. Geoff N. Bailey and John Parkington, eds. Pp. 11-21. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Shackley, M. Steven. 2001. The Stone Tool Technology of Ishi and the Yana of North Central California: Inferences for Hunter-Gatherer Cultural Identity in Historic California. Current Anthropology 102:693-712.

Shapiro, Warren. 1981. Miwuyt Marriage: The Cultural Anthropology of Affinity in Northeast Arnhem Land. Philadelphia: ISHI.

Shapiro, Warren. 1992. Social Organization in Aboriginal Australia. New York: St. Martin's.

Shapiro, Warren. 1998. Ideology, ìHistory of Religionsî and Hunter-Gatherer Studies. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 4:489-510.

Sharp, Henry S. 1977. The Caribou-Eater Chipewyan: Bilaterality, Strategies of Caribou Hunting, and the Fur Trade. Arctic Anthropology 14:35-40.

Sharp, Henry S. 1977. The Chipewyan Hunting Unit. American Ethnologist 4:377-393.

Sharp, Henry S. 1981. The Null Case: The Chipewyan. In Woman the Gatherer. Frances Dahlberg, ed. Pp. 221-244. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Sharp, Henry S. 1986. Shared Experience and Magic Magical Death: Chipewyan Explanations of a Prophet's Decline. Ethnology 25:257-270.

Sharp, Henry S. 1988. Dry Meat and Gender: The Absence of Chipewyan Ritual for the Regulation of Hunting and Animal Numbers. In Hunters and Gatherers: Property, Power and Ideology. Tim Ingold, David Riches, and James C. Woodburn, eds. Pp. 183-191. Oxford: Berg.

Sharrock, S. R. 1974. Crees, Cree-Assiniboines, and Assiniboines: Interethnic Social Organization on the Far Northern Plains. Ethnohistory 21:95-122.

Shawcross, Wilfred. 1975. Some Studies of the Influences of Prehistoric Human Predation on Marine Animal Population Dynamics. In Maritime Adaptations of the Pacific. Richard W. Casteel and George I. Quimby, eds. The Hague: Mouton.

Sheenan, Glenn W. 1985. Whaling as an Organizing Focus in Northwestern Alaskan Eskimo Society. In Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers: The Emergence of Cultural Complexity. T. Douglas Price and James A. Brown, eds. Pp. 123-53. Orlando, Florida: Academic.

Shipman, Pat. 1983. Early Hominid Lifestyle: Hunting and Gathering or Foraging and Scavenging? In Animals and Archaeology, Vol. 1: Hunters and Their Prey. J. Clutton-Brock and C. Grigson, eds. Pp. 31-49. Oxford: B.A.R. International Series 163.

Shipman, Pat. 1984. Scavenger Hunt. Natural History 93(4):20-27.

Shipman, Pat. 1986. Scavenging or Hunting in Early Hominids: Theoretical Framework and Tests. American Ethnologist 88:27-43.

Shipman, Pat, and J. J. Rose. 1983. Early Hominid Hunting, Butchering and Carcass-Processing Behaviors: Approaches to the Fossil Record. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 2:57-98.

Shipman, Pat, and J. J. Rose. 1983. Evidence of Butchery and Hominid Activity at Torralba and Ambrona: An Evaluation Using Microscopic Techniques. Journal of Archaeological Science 10:465-474.

Shirokogoroff, S. M. 1966. Social Organization of the Northern Tungus. Oosterhout: Anthropological Publications.

Shirokogoroff, S. M. 1980. Psychomental Complex of the Tungus. New York: AMS.

Shnirelman, Victor A. 1999. Introduction: North Eurasia. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly, eds. Pp. 119-125. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Shnirelman, Victor A. 1999. The Itenmíi. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly, eds. Pp. 147-151. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Shnirelman, Victor A. 1999. Archaeology of North Eurasian Hunters and Gatherers. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly, eds. Pp. 127-131. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Shostak, Marjorie. 1976. A !Kung Woman's Memories of Childhood. In Kalahari Hunter-Gatherers: Studies of the !Kung San and Their Neighbors. Richard B. Lee and Irven DeVore, eds. Pp. 246-277. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

Shostak, Marjorie. 1981. Nisa: The Life and Words of a !Kung Woman. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

Shott, Michael J. 1992. On Recent Trends in the Anthropology of Foragers: Kalahari Revisionism and Its Archaeological Implications. Man 27:843-871.

Shott, Michael J. 1993. Spears, Darts, and Arrows: Late Woodland Hunting Techniques in the Upper Ohio Valley. American Antiquity 58:425-443.

Sih, A., and Katharine Milton. 1985. Optimal Diet Theory: Should the !Kung Eat Mongongos? American Anthropologist 87:396-401.

Silberbauer, George B. 1963. Marriage and Girl's Puberty Ceremony. Africa 33(3):12-24.

Silberbauer, George B. 1972. The G/wi Bushmen. In Hunters and Gatherers Today: A Socioeconomic Study of Eleven Such Cultures in the Twentieth Century. M. G. Bicchieri, ed. Pp. 271-326. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Silberbauer, George B. 1981. Hunter and Habitat in the Central Kalahari Desert. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Silberbauer, George B. 1981. Hunter/Gatherers of the Central Kalahari. In Omnivorous Primates: Hunting and Gathering in Human Evolution. Robert S. O. Harding and Geza Teleki, eds. Pp. 455-498. New York: Columbia University Press.

Silberbauer, George B. 1982. Political Process in G/wi Bands. In Politics and History in Band Societies. Eleanor Leacock and Richard B. Lee, eds. Pp. 23-35. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Silberbauer, George B. 1989. On the Myth of the "Savage Other." Current Anthropology 30:206-207.

Silberbauer, George B., and Adam Kuper. 1966. Kgalagadi Masters and Their Bushmen Serfs. African Studies 25:171-179.

Sillitoe, Paul. 2002. Always Been Farmer-Foragers? Hunting and Gathering in Papua New Guinea. Anthropological Forum 12:45-76.

Simms, Steve. 1984. Aboriginal Great Basin Foraging Strategies: An Evolutionary Analysis. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Utah.

Siskind, Janet. 1973. To Hunt in the Morning. New York: Oxford University Press.

Siskind, Janet. 1973. Tropical Forest Hunters and the Economy of Sex. In Peoples and Cultures of Native South America. Daniel R. Gross, ed. Pp. 226-240. Garden City, New York: Natural History Press.

Skeller, Erik. 1954. Anthropological and Ophthalmological Studies on the Angmagssalik Eskimos. Copenhagen: Reitzel.

Skinner, Alanson. 1914. Political Organization, Cults, and Ceremonies of the Plains-Ojibwa and Plains-Cree Indians. American Museum of Natural History, Anthropological Papers, Vol. 11, Part 1. New York: The Trustees.

Slobodin, Richard. 1962. Band Organization of the Peel River Kutchin. National Museum of Canada Bulletin No. 179. Ottawa: National Museum of Canada.

Slobodin, Richard. 1969. Leadership and Participation in a Kutchin Trapping Party. In Contributions to Anthropology: Band Societies. National Museum of Canada Bulletin No. 228. David Damas, ed. Pp. 56-89. Ottawa: National Museum of Canada.

Slocum, S. 1975. Woman the Gatherer. In Toward an Anthropology of Women. Rayna Rapp Reiter, ed. Pp. 36-50. New York: Monthly Review.

Sluys, Cornelia M. I. van der. 1999. The Jahai of Northern Peninsular Malaysia. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly, eds. Pp. 307-311. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Sluys, Cornelia M. I. van der. 2000. Gifts from the Immortal Ancestors: Cosmology and Ideology of Jahai Sharing. In Hunters and Gatherers in the Modern World: Conflict, Resistance, and Self-Determination. Peter P. Schweitzer, Megan Biesele, and Robert K. Hitchcock, eds. Pp. 427-454. New York: Berghahn.

Smiley, F. E. 1980. The Archaeological Correlates of Hunter-Gatherer Societies: Studies from the Ethnographic Record. Ann Arbor: Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan.

Smith, Andrew B. 1999. Archaeology and Evolution of Hunters and Gatherers. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly, eds. Pp. 384-390. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Smith, Christopher. 1992. Late Stone Age Hunters of the British Isles. London: Routledge.

Smith, Craig S. 1978. Tubatulabal. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 8: California. Robert F. Heizer, ed. Pp. 437-445. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.

Smith, Craig S. 1988. Weeds and Prehistoric Hunters and Gatherers: The Plant Macrofossil Evidence form Southwest Wyoming. Plains Anthropologist 33:142-158.

Smith, D. G. 1984. Mackenzie Delta Eskimo. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 5: Arctic. David Damas, ed. Pp. 347-358. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution.

Smith, David M. 1992. The Dynamics of a Dene Struggle for Self-Determination. Anthropologica 32:21-49.

Smith, David M. 1998. An Athapaskan Way of Knowing: Chipewyan Ontology. American Ethnologist 25:412-432.

Smith, Eric Alden. 1979. Human Adaptation and Energetic Efficiency. Human Ecology 7:53-74.

Smith, Eric Alden. 1980. Evolutionary Ecology and the Analysis of Human Foraging Behavior: An Inuit Example from the East Coast of Hudson Bay. Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University.

Smith, Eric Alden. 1981. The Application of Optimal Foraging Theory to the Analysis of Hunter-Gatherer Group Size. In Hunter-Gatherer Foraging Strategies: Ethnographic and Archeological Analyses. Bruce Winterhalder and Eric Alden Smith, eds. Pp. 36-65. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Smith, Eric Alden. 1983. Anthropological Applications of Optimal Foraging Theory: A Critical Review. Current Anthropology 24:625-651.

Smith, Eric Alden. 1985. Inuit Foraging Groups: Some Simple Models Incorporating Conflicts of Interest, Relatedness, and Central-Place Sharing. Ethology and Sociobiology 6:37-57.

Smith, Eric Alden. 1987. Optimization Theory in Anthropology: Applications and Critiques. In The Latest on the Best: Essays on Evolution and Optimality. J. Dupre, ed. Pp. 201-249. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Smith, Eric Alden. 1988. Risk and Uncertainty in the "Original Affluent Society": Evolutionary Ecology of Resource-Sharing and Land Tenure. In Hunters and Gatherers: Property, Power, and Ideology. Tim Ingold, David Riches, and James C. Woodburn, eds. Pp. 222-251. Oxford, England: Berg.

Smith, Eric Alden. 1991. Inujjuamiut Foraging Strategies: Evolutionary Ecology of an Arctic Hunting Economy. New York: de Gruyter.

Smith, Eric Alden. 1992. Evolutionary Ecology and Human Behavior. New York: de Gruyter.

Smith, Eric Alden, and Robert Boyd. 1990. Risk and Reciprocity: Hunter-Gatherer Socioecology and the Problem of Collective Action. In Risk and Uncertainty in Tribal and Peasant Economics. Elizabeth A. Cashdan, ed. Pp. 167-192. Boulder, Colorado: Westview.

Smith, Eric Alden, and S. A. Smith. 1994. Inuit Sex-Ratio Variation: Population Control, Ethnographic Error, or Parental Manipulation? Current Anthropology 35:595-624.

Smith, Eric Alden, and Bruce Winterhalder. 1981. New Perspectives on Hunter-Gatherer Socioecology. In Hunter-Gatherer Foraging Strategies: Ethnographic and Archeological Analyses. Pp. 1-12. Chicago: Aldine.

Smith, Eric Alden, and Bruce Winterhalder. 1992. Natural Selection and Decision Making: Some Fundamental Principles. In Evolutionary Ecology and Human Behavior. Eric Alden Smith and Bruce Winterhalder, eds. Pp. 25-60. Hawthorne, New York: Aldine de Gruyter.

Smith, Eric Alden, and Bruce Winterhalder, eds. 1992. Evolutionary Ecology and Human Behavior. Hawthorne, New York: Aldine de Gruyter.

Smith, James G. E. 1976. Local Band Organization of the Caribou Eater Chipewyan. Arctic Anthropology 13:12-24.

Smith, James G. E. 1978. Economic Uncertainty in an Affluent Society: Caribou and Caribou Eater Chipewyan Adaptive Strategies. Arctic Anthropology 15:68-88.

Smith, James G. E. 1981. Chipewyan. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 6: Subarctic. June Helm, ed. Pp. 271-284. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution.

Smith, M. A. 1999. Archaeology of Australian Hunters and Gatherers. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly, eds. Pp. 324-328. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Smith, William Carlson. 1925. The Ao Naga Tribe of Assam: A Study in Ethnology and Sociology. New York: Macmillan.

Snow, J. 1981. Ingalik. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 6: Subarctic. June Helm, ed. Pp. 602-617. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution.

Soffer, Olga. 1985. Patterns of Intensification as seen from the Upper Paleolithic of the Central Russian Plain. In Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers: The Emergence of Cultural Complexity. T. Douglas Price and James A. Brown, eds. Pp. 235-270. Orlando, Florida: Academic.

Soffer, Olga. 1985. The Upper Paleolithic of the Central Russian Plain. Orlando, Florida: Academic Press.

Sollas, William James. 1924. Ancient Hunters and Their Modern Representatives, 3rd ed. London: Macmillan.

Solway, Jacqueline S. 1985. Middle-Aged Women in Bakgalagadi Society (Botswana). In In Her Prime: A New View of Middle-Aged Women. J. Brown and V. Kerns, eds. Pp. 36-47. South Hadley, Massachusetts: Bergin and Garvey.

Solway, Jacqueline S. 1987. Commercialization and Social Differentiation in a Kalahari Village. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Toronto.

Solway, Jacqueline S., and Richard B. Lee. 1990. Foragers, Genuine or Spurious? Situating the Kalahari San in History. Current Anthropology 31:109-146.

Song, Encheng, and Chen Shen. 1999. The Dulong of Southwestern China. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly, eds. Pp. 303-306. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Southall, Aidan. 1988. On Mode of Production Theory: The Foraging Mode of Production and the Kinship Mode of Production. Dialectical Anthropology 12:165-192.

Speck, Frank G. 1915. The Family Hunting Band as the Basis of Algonkian Social Organization. American Anthropologist 17:389-305.

Speck, Frank G. 1915. Family Hunting Territories and Social Life of Various Algonkian Bands of the Ottawa Valley. Ottawa: Government Printing Bureau.

Speck, Frank G. 1935. Naskapi: The Savage Hunters of the Labrador Peninsula. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.

Speck, Frank G. 1946. Catawba Hunting, Trapping and Fishing. Philadelphia: University Museum.

Speck, Frank G. 1946. Rappahannock Taking Devices: Traps, Hunting and Fishing. Philadelphia: University Museum.

Speck, Frank G., and L. Eiseley. 1939. The Significance of Hunting Territory Systems of the Algonkian in Social Theory. American Anthropologist 41:269-280.

Spence, M. W. 1973. The Study of Residential Practices among Prehistoric Hunters and Gatherers. World Archaeology 5:346-57.

Spencer, Baldwin. 1914. Native Tribes of the Northern Territory of Australia.

Spencer, Baldwin, and F. J. Gillen. 1899. Native Tribes of Central Australia. London: Macmillan.

Spencer, Baldwin, and F. J. Gillen. 1927. The Arunta: A Study of a Stone Age People, 2 vols. London: Macmillan.

Spencer, Robert F. 1959. The North Alaskan Eskimo. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 171.

Speth, John D. 1983. Bison Kills and Bone Counts: Decision Making by Ancient Hunters. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Speth, John D. 1987. Early Hominid Subsistence Strategies in Seasonal Habitats. Journal of Archaeological Science 14:13-29.

Speth, John D. 1989. Early Hominid Hunting and Scavenging: The Role of Meat as an Energy Source. Journal of Human Evolution 18:329-343.

Speth, John D. 1990. Seasonality, Resource Stress, and Food Sharing in So-Called "Egalitarian" Foraging Societies. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 9:148-188.

Speth, John D., and Katherine A. Spielmann. 1983. Energy Source, Protein Metabolism, and Hunter-Gatherer Subsistence Strategies. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 2:1-31.

Spielmann, Katherine A. 1983. Late Prehistoric Exchange Between the Southwest and Southern Plains. Plains Anthropologist 28:257-272.

Spielmann, Katherine A. 1986. Interdependence among Egalitarian Societies. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 5:279-312.

Spielmann, Katherine A. 1989. A Review: Dietary Restrictions on Hunter-Gatherer Women and the Implications for Fertility and Infant Mortality. Human Ecology 17:321-345.

Spielmann, Katherine A., ed. 1991. Farmers, Hunters, and Colonists: Interaction Between the Southwest and the Southern Plains. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.

Spielmann, Katherine A., and James F. Eder. 1994. Hunters and Farmers: Then and Now. In Annual Review of Anthropology, Vol. 23. Pp. 303-323. Palo Alto, California: Annual Reviews.

Spier, Leslie. 1921. Notes on the Kiowa Sun Dance. American Museum of Natural History Anthropology Papers, Vol. 16, Part 6. New York: Trustees.

Spier, Leslie. 1928. Havasupai Ethnography. Anthropological Papers, American Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. 29, Part 3. New York: Trustees.

Spier, Leslie. 1930. Klamath Ethnography. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. 30. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Spier, Leslie. 1970. Yuman Tribes of the Gila River. New York: Cooper Square.

Spier, Leslie. 1978. Monache. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 8: California. Robert F. Heizer, ed. Pp. 426-436. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.

Spier, Leslie, ed. 1938. The Sinkaietk or Southern Okanagon of Washington. Menasha, Wisconsin: Banta.

Spinden, Herbert Joseph. 1964. The Nez Perce Indians. New York: Kraus (first published 1908).

Spriggs, Matthew. 2000. Can Hunter-Gatherers Live in Tropical Rain Forests? The Pleistocene Island Melanesian Evidence. In Hunters and Gatherers in the Modern World: Conflict, Resistance, and Self-Determination. Peter P. Schweitzer, Megan Biesele, and Robert K. Hitchcock, eds. Pp. 287-304. New York: Berghahn.

Stairs, Arlene. 1992. Self-Image, World-Image: Speculations on Identity from Experiences with Inuit. Ethos 10:116-126.

Stanford, Craig B. 1996. The Hunting Ecology of Wild Chimpanzees: Implications for the Evolutionary Ecology of Pliocene Hominids. Current Anthropology 98:96-113.

Stanford, Craig B. 1999. The Hunting Apes: Meat Eating and the Origins of Human Behavior. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.

Stanner, William E. H. 1933. Ceremonial Economics of the Mulluk Mulluk and Madgella Tribes of the Daly River, North Australia, Part 1. Oceania 4:156-175.

Stanner, William E. H. 1934. Ceremonial Economics of the Mulluk Mulluk and Madgella Tribes of the Daly River, North Australia, Part 1. Oceania 4:458-471.

Stanner, William E. H. 1965. Aboriginal Territorial Organization: Estate, Range, Domain and Regime. Oceania 36:1-26.

Stearman, Allyn MacLeon. 1984. The Yuqui Connection: Another Look at Siriono Deculturation. American Anthropologist 86:630-650.

Stearman, Allyn MacLeon. 1987. No Longer Nomads: The Siriono Revisited. Lanham, Maryland: Hamilton.

Stearman, Allyn MacLeon. 1989. Yuqui: Forest Nomads in a Changing World. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Stefansson, Vilhjalmur. 1914. Prehistoric and Present Commerce among the Arctic Coast Eskimo. Ottawa: Government Printing Bureau.

Stefansson, Vilhjalmur. 1922. Hunters of the Great North. New York: Harcourt, Brace.

Stefansson, Vilhjalmur. 1925. The Friendly Arctic: The Story of Five Years in Polar Regions. New York: Macmillan.

Stefansson, Vilhjalmur. 1945. Greenland. Garden City, New York: Double, Doran.

Stefansson, Vilhjalmur. 1951. My Life with the Eskimo. New York: Macmillan.

Stegeborn, Wiveca. 1999. The Wanniyala-aetto (Veddahs) of Sri Lanka. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly, eds. Pp. 268-273. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Stephens, D., and John R. Krebs. 1986. Foraging Theory. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.

Sterner, Joyce K. 1990. The Role of Women in Traditional Irian Jaya Societies as Exemplified among the Bauzi and Ketengban. Irian 18:102-108.

Steward, Julian. 1933. Ethnography of the Owens Valley Paiute. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. 33, No. 3. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Steward, Julian. 1934. Two Paiute Autobiographies. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. 33, No. 5. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Steward, Julian. 1936. The Economic and Social Basis of Primitive Bands. In Essays in Anthropology Presented to A. L. Kroeber. Robert Lowie, ed. Pp. 331-345. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Steward, Julian. 1937. Ecological Aspects of Southwestern Society. Anthropos 32:87-104.

Steward, Julian. 1938. Basin-Plateau Aboriginal Sociopolitical Groups. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 120.

Steward, Julian. 1941. Nevada Shoshoni. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Steward, Julian. 1968. Causal Factors and Processes in the Evolution of Pre-farming Societies. In Man the Hunter. Richard B. Lee and Irven DeVore, eds. Pp. 321-334. Chicago: Aldine.

Steward, Julian. 1969. Observations on Bands. In Contributions to Anthropology: Band Societies. National Museum of Canada Bulletin No. 228. Donald E. Damas, ed. Pp. 187-190. Ottawa: National Museum of Canada.

Steward, Julian. 1969. Postscript to Bands: On Taxonomy, Processes, and Causes. In Contributions to Anthropology: Band Societies. National Museum of Canada Bulletin No. 228. Donald E. Damas, ed. Pp. 288-295. Ottawa: National Museum of Canada.

Stewart, Omer C. 1955. Fire as the First Great Force Employed by Man. In Man's Role in Changing the Face of the Earth. William L. Thomas, Jr., ed. Pp. 115-133. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Stewart, Hilary. 1977. Indian Fishing: Early Methods on the Northwest Coast. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Stewart, Hilary. 1979. Looking at Indian Art of the Northwest Coast. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Stewart, Hilary. 1984. Cedar: Tree of Life to the Northwest Coast Indians. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Stewart, Hilary. 1993. Looking at Totem Poles. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Stewart, Hilary. 1996. Stone, Bone, Antler and Shell: Artifacts of the Northwest Coast. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Stiger, Mark. 2001. Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology of the Colorado High Country. Boulder: University Press of Colorado.

Stiles, D. 1979. Paleolithic Culture and Culture Change: Experiment in Theory and Method. Current Anthropology 20:1-22.

Stiles, D. 1991. Tubers and Tenrecs: The Mikea of Southwestern Madagascar. Ethnology 30:251-263.

Stillitoe, Paul. 1979. Stone versus Steel. Mankind 12:151-161.

Stiner, Mary C. 1991. The Ecology of Choice: Procurement and Transport of Animal Resources by Upper Pleistocene Hominids in West-Central Italy. Ph.D. dissertation, University of New Mexico.

Stiner, Mary C. 1994. Honor Among Thieves: A Zooarchaeological Study of Neandertal Ecology. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.

Stiner, Mary C., ed. 1991. Human Predators and Prey Mortality. Boulder, Colorado: Westview.

Stiner, Mary C., and Steven L. Kuhn. 1992. Subsistence, Technology and Adaptive Variation in Middle Paleolithic Italy. American Anthropologist 94:306-339.

Stiner, Mary C., Natalie D. Munro, and Todd A. Surovell. 2000. The Tortoise and the Hare: Small-Game Use, the Broad-Spectrum Revolution, and Paleolithic Demography. Current Anthropology 41:39-73.

Straus, Lawrence Guy, B. V. Eriksen, Jon M. Erlandson, and David R. Yesner, eds. 1996. Humans at the End of the Ice Age: The Archaeology of the Pleistocene-Holocene Transition. New York: Plenum.

Strehlow, T. G. H. 1947. Aranda Traditions. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press.

Strong, Pauline Turner. 1986. Fathoming the Primitive: Australian Aborigines in Four Explorers' Journals, 1697-1845. Ethnohistory 33:175-194.

Strong, William Duncan. 1929. Aboriginal Society in Southern California. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, Vol. 26. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Stuart, D. E. 1972. Band Structure and Ecological Variability: The Ona and Yahgan of Tierra del Fuego. Ph.D. dissertation, University of New Mexico.

Stuart, D. E. 1980. Kinship and Social Organization in Tierra del Fuego: Evolutionary Consequences. In The Versatility of Kinship. Linda S. Cordell and Stephen Beckerman, eds. Pp. 269-284. New York: Academic.

Suckling, J. 1976. A Naive Model of a Stone Age Economy. Current Anthropology 17:105-115.

Sussman, R. W. 1972. Child Transport, Family Size, and Increase in Human Population During the Neolithic. Current Anthropology 13:258-259.

Suttles, Wayne. 1960. Affinal Ties, Subsistence, and Prestige among the Coast Salish. American Anthropologist 62:296-305.

Suttles, Wayne. 1968. Coping with Abundance: Subsistence on the Northwest Coast. In Man the Hunter. Richard B. Lee and Irven DeVore, eds. Pp. 56-68. Chicago: Aldine.

Sutton, M. 1985. The California Salmon Fly as a Food Source in Northeastern California. Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology 7:176-182.

Sutton, P. J. 1978. Wik: Aboriginal Society, Territory and Language at Cape Keerweer, Cape York Peninsula, Australia. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Queensland.

Suzuki, Akira. 1975. The Origin of Hominid Hunting: A Primatological Perspective. In Socioecology and Psychology of Primates. R. H. Tuttle, ed. Pp. 259-287. The Hague: Mouton.

Svensson, Tom G. 1999. The Ainu. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly, eds. Pp. 132-136. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Sverdrup, Harald U. 1939. Among the Tundra People. La Jalla: Distributed by Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego.

Swadesh, Morris. 1948. Motivations in Nootka Warfare. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 4:76-93.

Swain, Tony. 1991. Aboriginal Religions in Australia: A Bibliographical Survey. New York: Greenwood.

Szalay, Frederick S. 1975. Hunting-Scavenging Proto-Hominids: A Model of Hominid Origins. Man 10:420-429.

T Return to Top of this page

Tanaka, Jiro. 1976. Subsistence Ecology of Central Kalahari San. In Kalahari Hunter-Gatherers: Studies of the !Kung San and Their Neighbors. Richard B. Lee and Irven DeVore, eds. Pp. 98-119. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

Tanaka, Jiro. 1982. The San: Hunter-Gatherers of the Kalahari: A Study in Ecological Anthropology. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press.

Tanaka, Jiro, and Kazuyoshi Sugawara. 1999. The /Gui and //Gana of Botswana. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly, eds. Pp. 195-199. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Tanner, Adrian. 1979. Bringing Home Animals: Religious Ideology and Mode of Production of the Mistassini Cree Hunters. New York: St. Martin's.

Tanner, Nancy Makepeace. 1983. Hunters, Gatherers and Sex Poles in Space and Time. American Anthropologist 85:335-341.

Tanno, Tadashi. 1976. The Mbuti Net-Hunters in the Ituri Forest, Eastern Zaire: Their Hunting Activities and Band Composition. Kyoto University African Studies 10:101-135.

Taylor, J. Garth. 1984. Historical Ethnography of the Labrador Coast. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 5: Arctic. Damas, David, ed. Pp. 508-521. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution.

Taylor, K. 1966. A Demographic Study of Karluk, Kodiak Island, Alaska 1962-1964. Arctic Anthropology 3:211-240.

Taylor, Luke. 1990. The Rainbow Serpent as Visual Metaphor in Western Arnhem Land. Oceania 60:329-394.

Taylor, W. 1972. The Hunter-Gatherer Nomads of Northern Mexico: A Comparison of the Archival and Archaeological Records. World Archaeology 4:167-178.

Taylor, W. E., Jr. 1928. Hypothesis on the Origin of Canadian Thule Culture. American Antiquity 28:456-464.

Teit, James Alexander. 1906. The Lillooet Indians. Jesup North Pacific Expedition, Vol. 2, Pt. 5. Leiden: Brill.

Teit, James Alexander. 1975. The Shuswap. New York: AMS (first published 1909).

Teit, James Alexander. 1975. The Thompson Indians of British Columbia. New York: AMS (first published 1900).

Tennant, Paul. 1990. Aboriginal Peoples and Politics: The Indian Land question in British Columbia, 1849-1989. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Tepper, Leslie H. 1987. The Interior Salish Tribes of British Columbia: A Photographic Collection. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Tepper, Leslie H., ed. 1991. The Bella Coola Valley: Harlan I. Smith's Fieldwork Photographs, 1920-1924. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Testart, Alain. 1982. The Significance of Food Storage Among Hunters and Gatherers: Residence Patterns, Population Densities, and Social Inequalities. Current Anthropology 23:523-537.

Testart, Alain. 1987. Game Sharing Systems and Kinship Systems Among Hunter-Gatherer. Man 22:287-304.

Testart, Alain. 1988. Appropriation of the Social Product and Production Relations in Hunter-Gatherer Societies. Dialectical Anthropology 12:147-164.

Testart, Alain. 1988. Some Major Problems in the Social Anthropology of Hunter-Gatherers. Current Anthropology 29:1-31.

Testart, Alain. 1989. Aboriginal Social Inequality and Reciprocity. Oceania 60:1-16.

Tester, Frank, and Peter Kulchysky. 1994. Tammarniit (Mistakes): Inuit Relocation in the Eastern Arctic, 1939-63. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Thalbitzer, William Carl. 1914. The Ammassalik Eskimo: Contributions to the Ethnology of the East Greenland Natives. Copenhagen: Luno.

Thomas, David Hurst. 1973. An Empirical Test for Steward's Model of Great Basin Settlement Patters. American Antiquity 38:155-76.

Thomas, David Hurst. 1981. Complexity among Great Basin Shoshoneans: The World's Least Affluent Hunter-Gatherers? Senri Ethnological Studies 9:19-42.

Thomas, David Hurst. 1986. Contemporary Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology in America. In American Archaeology: Past and Future. David J. Meltzer, Don D. Fowler, and Jeremy D. Sabloff, eds. Pp. 237-276. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institute Press.

Thomas, Elizabeth Bowen. 1950. Bushman Stories. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

Thomas, Elizabeth Marshall. 1959. The Harmless People. New York: Random.

Thomas, Elizabeth Marshall. 1990. The Old Way. New Yorker (October 15):78-83,86-89,92-101,104-110.

Thompson, Donald F. 1972. Kinship and Behaviour in North Queensland: A Preliminary Account of Kinship and Social Organisation on Cape York Peninsula. Canberra: Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies.

Thompson, Judy. 1994. From the Land: Two Hundred Years of Dene Clothing. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Thompson, Philip R. 1975. A Cross-Species Analysis of Carnivore, Primate, and Hominid Behavior. Journal of Human Evolution 4:113-125.

Tindale, Norman B. 1972. The Pitjandjara. In Hunters and Gatherers Today: A Socioeconomic Study of Eleven Such Cultures in the Twentieth Century. M. G. Bicchieri, ed. Pp. 217-268. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Tindale, Norman B. 1974. Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Tobey, M. 1981. Carrier. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 6: Subarctic. June Helm, ed. Pp. 413-432. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution.

Tobias, P. V. 1956. On the Survival of the Bushmen. Africa 26:174-186.

Tobias, P. V. 1957. Bushmen of the Kalahari. Man 57:33-40.

Tobias, P. V., ed. 1977. The Bushmen: San Hunters and Herders of Southern Africa. Cape Town: Human and Rousseau.

Tonkinson, Robert. 1974. The Jigalong Mob: Aboriginal Victors of the Desert Crusade. Menlo Park, California: Cummings.

Tonkinson, Robert. 1978. The Mardudjara Aborigines: Living the Dream in Australia's Desert. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Tonkinson, Robert. 1988. "Ideology and Domination" in Aboriginal Australia: A Western Desert Test Case. In Hunters and Gatherers: Property, Power and Ideology. Tim Ingold, David Riches, and James C. Woodburn, eds. Pp. 150-164. Oxford, England: Berg.

Tonkinson, Robert. 1991. The Mardu Aborigines. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Tonkinson, Robert. 1999. The Ngarrindjeri of Southeastern Australia. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly, eds. Pp. 343-347. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Tonkinson, Robert. 2000. Gender Role Transformation among Australian Aborigines. In Hunters and Gatherers in the Modern World: Conflict, Resistance, and Self-Determination. Peter P. Schweitzer, Megan Biesele, and Robert K. Hitchcock, eds. Pp. 343-360. New York: Berghahn.

Torrence, Gaylord. 1994. The American Indian Parfleche: A Tradition of Abstract Painting. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Torrence, Robin. 1983. Time Budgeting and Hunter-Gatherer Technology. In Hunter-Gatherer Economy in Prehistory: A European Perspective. Geoff N. Bailey, ed. Pp. 11-22. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Torrence, Robin. 2001. Hunter-Gatherer Technology: Macro- and Microscale Approaches. In Hunter-Gatherers: An Interdisciplinary Perspective. Catherine Panter-Brick, Robert H. Layton, and Peter Rowley-Conwy, eds. Pp. 73-98. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Toussaint, Sandy. 1995. Cultural Realities and Partial Truths: Gendered Ethnographies in Northern Aboriginal Australia. Ph. D. Dissertation, University of Western Australia.

Toussaint, Sandy. 1999. Kimberley Peoples of Fitzroy Valley, Western Australia. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly, eds. Pp. 339-342. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Townsend, J. 1981. Tanaina. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 6: Subarctic. June Helm, ed. Pp. 623-640. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution.

Townsend, W. H. 1969. Stone and Steel Tool Use in a New Guinea Society. Ethnology 8:199-205.

Toyoda, Yukio. 1998. To Which Bird Do You Belong? Totemic Belief among the Mari, Papua New Guinea. In Fringe Area of Highlands in Papua New Guinea. Shuji Yoshida and Yukio Toyoda, eds. Pp. 61-77. Senri Ethnological Series 47.

Tratzer, Clifford E. 1992. Yakima, Palouse, Cayuse, Umatilla, Walla Walla, and Wanapum Indians: An Historical Bibliography. Metuchen, New Jersey: Scarecrow.

Trigger, David S. 1999. Hunter-Gatherer Peoples and Nation-States. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly, eds. Pp. 473-479. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Trigger, David S. 2000. Aboriginal Responses to Mining in Australia: Economic Aspirations, Cultural Revival, and the politics of Indigenous Protest. In Hunters and Gatherers in the Modern World: Conflict, Resistance, and Self-Determination. Peter P. Schweitzer, Megan Biesele, and Robert K. Hitchcock, eds. Pp. 192-205. New York: Berghahn.

Tronick, Edward Z., Gilda A. Morelli, and Paula K. Ivey. 1992. The Efe Forager Infant and Todder's Pattern of Social Relationships: Multiple and Simultaneous. Developmental Psychology 28:568-577.

Tronick, Edward Z., Gilda A. Morelli, and Steve A. Winn. 1987. Multiple Caretaking of Efe (Pygmy) Infants. American Anthropologist 50:113-139.

Turin, Mark. 1999. The Chenchu of the Indian Deccan. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly, eds. Pp. 252-256. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Turnbull, Colin. 1961. The Forest People: A Study of the Pygmies of the Congo. New York: Simon and Schuster.

Turnbull, Colin. 1965. The Mbuti Pygmies: An Ethnographic Survey. Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History 50(3):139-282.

Turnbull, Colin. 1965. Wayward Servants: The Two Worlds of the African Pygmies. New York: Natural History Press.

Turnbull, Colin. 1965. The Mbuti Pygmies of the Congo. In Peoples of Africa. James L. Gibbs, Jr., ed. Pp. 279-317. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Turnbull, Colin. 1968. The Importance of Flux in Two Hunting Societies. In Man the Hunter. Richard B. Lee and Irven DeVore, eds. Pp. 132-137. Chicago: Aldine.

Turnbull, Colin. 1972. Demography of Small-Scale Groups. In The Structure of Human Populations. Geoffrey A. Harrison and A. J. Boyce, eds. Pp. 283-312. Oxford, England: Clarendon.

Turnbull, Colin. 1974. The Mountain People. New York: Simon and Schuster.

Turnbull, Colin. 1978. Society and Sociality: An Expanding Universe. In Ethnicity in Modern Africa. Brian M. du Toit, ed. Pp. 91-104. Boulder, Colorado: Westview.

Turnbull, Colin. 1978. The Politics of Non-Aggression. In Learning Non-Aggression: The Experiences of Non-Literate Societies. Ashley Montague, ed. Pp. 161-221. New York: Oxford University Press.

Turnbull, Colin. 1983. The Mbuti Pygmies: Change and Adaptation. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Turnbull, Colin. 1991. Survival Factors among Mbuti and Other Hunters of the Equatorial African Rain Forest. In African Pygmies. Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, ed. Pp. 102-123. New York: Academic.

Turner, Alan. 1988. Relative Scavenging Opportunities for East and South African Plio-Pleistocene Hominids. Journal of Archaeological Science 15:327-41.

Turner, David H. 1980. Australian Aboriginal Social Organization. Atlantic Heights, New Jersey: Humanities.

Turner, David H. 1987. Life Before Genesis: A Conclusion, 2nd ed. New York: Lang.

Turner, David H. 1989. Cosmology Is "Kinship": The Aboriginal Transcendence of Material Determinism. Mankind 19:215-226.

Turner, L. 1889. Ethnology of the Ungava District, Hudson Bay Territory. Eleventh Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology. Pp. 1589-350. Washington, D.C.: Bureau of American Ethnology.

Turney-High, Harry Holbert. 1937. The Flathead Indians of Montana. Menasha, Wisconsin: American Anthropological Association.

Turney-High, Harry Holbert. 1941. Ethnography of the Kutenai. Menasha, Wisconsin: American Anthropological Association.

Tyson, Carl N. 1976. The Pawnee People. Phoenix: Indian Tribal Series.

U Return to Top of this page

Ungar, Peter S., and Mark F. Teaford, eds. 2002. Human Diet: Its Origin and Evolution. Westport, Connecticut: Bergin and Garvey.

Unrau, William E. 1975. The Kaw People. Phoenix: Indian Tribal Series.

V Return to Top of this page

Van de Koppel, Jan M., and Barry S. Hewlett. Growth of Aka Pygmies and Bagandus of the Central African Republic. In African Pygmies. Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, ed. Pp. 95-102. New York: Academic.

Van Arsdale, Peter Wayne. 1975. Perspectives on Development among Irian Jaya's Asmat: Cultural and Demographic Correlates of Induced Change. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Colorado, Denver.

Van Arsdale, Peter Wayne. 1978. Activity Patterns of Asmat Hunter-gatherers: A Time Budget Analysis. Mankind 11:453-460.

Van Arsdale, Peter Wayne. 1978. Population Dynamics among Asmat Hunter-Gatherers of New Guinea: Data, Methods, Comparisons. Human Ecology 6:435-467.

Van Arsdale, Peter Wayne. 1978. Time Allocation in Northern Ghana: An Example of the Random Visit Method. Journal of Developing Areas 16:391-400.

Vanoverbergh, M. 1925. Negritos of Northern Luzon. Anthropos 20:148-199, 399-443.

Vanoverbergh, M. 1937-1938. Negritos of Eastern Luzon. Anthropos 32:905-028, 33:119-164.

VanStone, J. W. 1962. Point Hope: An Eskimo Village in Transition. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

VanStone, J. W. 1967. Eskimos of the Nushagak River: An Ethnographic History. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

VanStone, J. W. 1970. Akulivikchuk: A Nineteenth Century Eskimo Village on the Nashagak River, Alaska. Fieldiana: Anthropology, Vol. 60. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History.

VanStone, J. W. 1974. Athapaskan Adaptations: Hunters and Fishermen of the Subarctic Forests. Chicago: Aldine.

Venbrux, E. 1995. A Death in the Tiwi Islands: Conflict, Ritual and Social Life in an Australian Aboriginal Community. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Vidal, Hern·n J. 1999. The Yamana of Tierra del Fuego. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly, eds. Pp. 114-118. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Vierich, Helga. 1982. Adaptive Flexibility in a Multi-Ethnic Setting: The Basarwa of the Southern Kalahari. In Politics and History in Band Societies. Eleanor Leacock and Richard B. Lee, eds. Pp. 213-222. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Vierich, Helga. 1982. The Kua of the Southeastern Kalahari: A Study of the Socio-Ecology of Dependency. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Toronto.

Vincent, A. 1984. Plant Foods in Savanna Environments: A Preliminary Report of Tubers Eaten by the Hadza of Northern Tanzania. World Archaeology 17:131-l47.

Vincent, A. 1985. Wild Tubers as a Harvestable Resource in the East African Savannas: Ecological and Ethnographic Studies. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Berkeley.

von Sturmer, J. R. 1978. The Wik Region: Economy, Territoriality and Totemism in Western Cape York Peninsula, North Queensland. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Queensland.

W Return to Top of this page

Walker, Phillip L., and Barry S. Hewlett. 1990. Dental Health Diet and Social Status among Central African Foragers and Farmers. American Anthropologist 92:383-398.

Wallace, W. 1978. Hupa, Chilula, and Whilkut. In Handbook of North American Indians, Vol. 8: California. Robert F. Heizer, ed. Pp. 164-179. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.

Wallis, W., and R. Wallis. 1955. The Micnac Indians of Eastern Canada. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Wang, Louise, and Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza. 1991. Transport Proteins in Pygmies. In African Pygmies. Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, ed. Pp. 291-303. New York: Academic.

Warner, W. Lloyd. 1931. Muringin Warfare. Oceania 1:457-491.

Warner, W. Lloyd. 1958. A Black Civilization: A Social Study of an Australian Tribe, 2nd ed.

Warren, Charles P. 1964. The Batak of Palawan: A Culture in Transition. Chicago: Philippine Studies Program, University of Chicago.

Warren, William H. 1984. History of the Ojibwa Nation. Minneapolis: Ross and Haines (first published 1885).

Washburn, Sherwood L., and C. S. Lancaster. 1968. The Evolution of Hunting. In Man the Hunter. Richard B. Lee and Irven DeVore, eds. Pp. 293-303. Chicago: Aldine.

Washburn, Sherwood L., ed. 1962. Social Life of Early Man. Chicago: Aldine.

Watanabe, Hitoshi. 1968. Subsistence and Ecology of Northern Food Gatherers with Special Reference to the Ainu. In Man the Hunter. Richard B. Lee and Irven DeVore, eds. Pp. 69-77. Chicago: Aldine.

Watanabe, Hitoshi. 1972. The Ainu. In Hunters and Gatherers Today: A Socioeconomic Study of Eleven Such Cultures in the Twentieth Century. M. G. Bicchieri, ed. Pp. 448-484. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Watanabe, Hitoshi. 1973. The Ainu Ecosystem: Environment and Group Structure. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

Watanabe, Hitoshi. 1983. Occupational Differentiation and Social Stratification: The Case of Northern Pacific Maritime Food Gatherers. Current Anthropology 24:217-219.

Watson, G., and Jean-Guy A. Goulet. 1992. Gold In, Gold Out: The Objectivation of Dene Tha Dreams and Visions. Journal of Anthropological Research 48:215-230.

Webb, S. G. 1995. Palaeopathology of Aboriginal Australians: Health and Disease across a Hunter-Gatherer Continent. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press.

Webster, David, and Gary S. Webster. 1984. Optimal Hunting and Pleistocene Extinction. Human Ecology 12:275-289.

Webster, Gary S. 1986. Optimization Theory and Pre-Columbian Hunting in the Tehuacan Valley. Human Ecology 14:415-435.

Weiss, K., and P. Smouse. 1976. The Demographic Stability of Small Human Populations. Journal of Human Evolution 5:59-71.

Wenzel, George W. 1991. Animal Rights, Human Rights: Ecology, Economy, and Ideology in the Canadian Arctic. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

Werner, D. W., N. M. Flowers, M. L. Ritter, and Daniel R. Gross. 1979. Subsistence Productivity and Hunting Effort in Native South America. Human Ecology 7:303-316.

Wesner, David. 1980. Maritime Hunter-Gatherers. Current Anthropology 21:727-750.

Wetsman, A., and Marlowe, Frank W. 1999. How Universal Are Preferences for Female Waist-to-hip Ratios? Evidence from the Hadza of Tanzania. Evolution and Human Behavior 20(4):219-228.

Weyer, E. M. 1932. The Eskimos: Their Environment and Folkways. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press.

White, I. 1978. Aboriginal Women's Status: A Paradox Resolved. In Women's Role in Aboriginal Society, 3rd ed. Fay Gale, ed. Pp. 36-49. Canberra: Australian National University Press.

White, Neville. 1985. Sex Difference in Australian Aborigines Subsistence: Possible Implications for the Biology of Hunter-Gatherers. In Human Sexual Dimorphism. J. Ghesquiere, R. D. Martin, and F. Newcombe, eds. Pp. 323-361. London: Taylor and Francis.

White, Neville, Betty Meehan, Lester R. Hiatt, and R. Jones. 1990. Demography of Contemporary Hunter-Gatherers: Lessons from Arnhem Land. In Hunter-Gatherer Demography: Past and Present. Betty Meehan and Neville White, eds. Pp. 171-185. Sydney: University of Sydney.

Whitelaw, Todd. 1991. Some Dimensions of Variability in the Social Organisation of Community Space among Foragers. In Ethnoarchaeological Approaches to Mobile Campsites: Hunter-Gatherer and Pastoralist Case Studies. C. S. Gamble and W. A. Boismier, eds. Pp. 139-188. Ann Arbor, Michigan: International Monographs in Prehistory.

Whiting, John W. M. 1941. Becoming a Kwoma: Teaching and Learning in a New Guinea Tribe. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Whitley, David S. 1994. By the Hunter, For the Gatherer: Art, Social Relations and Subsistence Change in the Prehistoric Great Basin. World Archaeology 25:356-373.

Whitley, David S., Ellen L. McCann, C. William Clewlow, Jr., eds. 1980. Inland Chumash Archaeological Investigations. Los Angeles: Institute of Archaeology, University of California at Los Angeles.

Whitney, Harry. 1910. Hunting With the Eskimos. New York: Century.

Widdowson, E. M., and A. Whiten, eds. 1992. Foraging Strategies and Natural Diet of Monkeys, Apes, and Humans. Oxford, England: Clarendon.

Widlok, Thomas. 1994. The Social Relationships of Changing Hai//om Hunter-Gatherers in Northern namibia, 1990-1994. Ph.D. dissertation, University of London.

Widlok, Thomas. 1994. Space and the Other: Social Experience and Ethnography in the Kalahari Debate. In Social Experience and Anthropological Knowledge. K. Hastrup and P. Hervid, eds. Pp. 180-199. London: Routledge.

Widlok, Thomas. 2000. Living on Mangetti: ìBushmanî Autonomy and Namibian Independence. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.

Widlok, Thomas. 2000. Names That Escape the State: Hai/om Naming Practices versus Domination and Isolation. In Hunters and Gatherers in the Modern World: Conflict, Resistance, and Self-Determination. Peter P. Schweitzer, Megan Biesele, and Robert K. Hitchcock, eds. Pp. 361-379. New York: Berghahn.

Widmer, Randolph J. 1988. The Evolution of the Calusa: A Nonagricultural Chiefdom on the Southwest Florida Coast. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.

Wiens, John A. 1976. Population Responses to Patchy Environments. Annual Review of Ecology and Systems 7:81-120.

Wiessner, Polly. 1977. Hxaro: A Regional System of Reciprocity for Reducing Risk Among the !Kung San. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Michigan.

Wiessner, Polly. 1982. Measuring the Impact of Social Ties on Nutritional Status Among the !Kung San. Social Science Information 20:641-678.

Wiessner, Polly. 1982. Risk, Reciprocity and Social Influences on !Kung San Economics. In Politics and History in Band Societies. Eleanor Leacock and Richard Lee, eds. Pp. 61-84. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Wiessner, Polly. 1983. Style and Social Information in Kalahari San Projectile Points. American Antiquity 48:253-276.

Wiessner, Polly. 1984. Reconsidering the Behavioural Basis for Style: A Case Study Among the Kalahair San. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 3:190-234.

Wijsman, Ellen M. 1991. Estimation of Genetic Admixture in Pygmies. In African Pygmies. Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, ed. Pp. 349-358. New York: Academic.

Wilke, Philip J., and H. W. Lawton. 1975. The Cahuilla Indians of the Colorado Desert: Ethnohistory and Prehistory. Ramona, California: Ballena.

Wilkie, David S. 1987. Cultural and Ecological Survival in the Ituri Forest. Cultural Survival Quarterly 11(2):72-74.

Wilkie, David S. 1987. Impact of Swidden Agriculture and Subsistence Hunting on Diversity and Abundance of Exploited Fauna in the Ituri Forest of Northeastern Zaire. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Massachusetts.

Wilkie, David S. 1989. Impact of Roadside Agriculture on Subsistence Hunting in the Ituri Forest of Northeastern Zaire. American Journal of Physical Anthropology 78:485-494.

Wilkie, David S. 1988. Hunters and Farmers of the African Forest. In People of the Tropical Rain Forest. Julia S. Denslow and Christine Padoch, eds. Pp. 111-126. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Wilkie, David S., and B. K. Curran. 1993. Historical Trends in Forager and Farmer Exchange in the Ituri Rain Forest of Northeastern Zaire. Human Ecology 2:389-417.

Williams, B. J. 1968. The Nature of Dogrib Socioterritorial Groups. In Man the Hunter. Richard B. Lee and Irven DeVore, eds. Pp. 118-125. Chicago: Aldine.

Williams, B. J. 1974. A Model of Band Society. Washington, D.C.: Memoir of the Society for American Archaeology, No. 29.

Williams, Nancy M. 1982. A Boundary Is to Cross: Observations on Yolngu Boundaries and Permission. In Resource Managers: North American and Australian Hunter-Gatherers. AAAS Selected Symposium, 67. Nancy M. Williams and Eugene S. Hunn, eds. Pp. 131-154. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.

Williams, Nancy M. 1985. On Aboriginal Decision-Making. In Metaphors of Interpretation. D. Barwick, Jeremy Beckett, and M. Reay, eds. Pp. 240-269. Canberra: Australian National University Press.

Williams, Nancy M. 1986. The Yolungu and Their Land: A System of Land Tenure and the Fight for Its Recognition. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.

Williams, Nancy M., and Eugene S. Hunn, eds. 1982. Resource Managers: North American and Australian Hunter-Gatherers. AAAS Selected Symposium, 67. Boulder, Colorado: Westview.

Willis, Roy, ed. 1990. Signifying Animals: Human Meaning in the Natural World. London: Unwin Hyman.

Wilmsen, Edwin N. 1973. Interaction, Spacing Behavior, and the Organization of Hunting Bands. Journal of Anthropological Research 29:1-31.

Wilmsen, Edwin N. 1974. Lindenmeier: A Pleistocene Hunting Society. New York: Harper and Row.

Wilmsen, Edwin N. 1982. Studies in Diet, Nutrition, and Fertility Among a Group of Kalahari Bushmen in Botswana. Social Science Information 21:95-125.

Wilmsen, Edwin N. 1983. The Ecology of Illusion: Anthropological Foraging in the Kalahari. Reviews in Anthropology 10:9-20.

Wilmsen, Edwin N. 1986. Biological Determinants of Fecundity and Fecundability: An Application of Bongaarts' Model to Forager Fertility. In Culture and Reproduction: An Anthropological Critique of Demographic Transition Theory. W. Penn Handwerker, ed. Pp. 59-89. Boulder, Colorado: Westview.

Wilmsen, Edwin N. 1989. Land Filled with Flies: A Political Economy of the Kalahari. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Wilmsen, Edwin N. 1989. Those Who Have Each Other: San Relations to Land. In We Are Here: Politics of Aboriginal Land Tenure. Edwin Wilmsen, ed. Pp. 43-67. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Wilmsen, Edwin N. 1992. A Myth and Its Measure. Current Anthropology 33:611-614.

Wilmsen, Edwin N., ed. 1989. We Are Here: Politics of Aboriginal Land Tenure. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Wilmsen, Edwin N., and James R. Denbow. 1990. Paradigmatic History of San-Speaking Peoples and Current Attempts at Revision. Current Anthropology 31:489-524.

Wilson, David Sloan. 1998. Hunting, Sharing, and Multilevel Selection: The Tolerated-Theft Model Revisited. Current Anthropology 39:73-97.

Winn, Steve A. 1991. Non-Maternal Infant Care among the Efe and Lese of ZaÔre: How Much and By Whom. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Massachusetts.

Winn, Steve A., Gilda A. Morelli, and Edward Z. Tronick. 1990. The Infant in the Group: A Look at Efe Caretaking Practices. In The Cultural Context of Infancy. J. K. Nugent, B. M. Lancaster, and T. Berry Brazelton, eds. Norwood, New Jersey: Ablex.

Winterhalder, Bruce. 1977. Foraging Strategy Adaptations of the Boreal Forest Cree: An Evaluation of Theory and Models from Evolutionary Ecology. Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University.

Winterhalder, Bruce. 1980. Environmental Analysis in Human Evolution and Adaptation Research. Human Ecology 8:135-170.

Winterhalder, Bruce. 1980. Canadian Furbearer Cycles and Cree-Ojibwa Hunting and Trapping Practices. American Naturalist 115:870-879.

Winterhalder, Bruce. 1981. Boreal Foraging Strategies. In Boreal Forest Adaptations: The Algonkians of Northern Ontario. A. T. Steegmann, Jr., ed. Pp. ??-??. New York: Plenum.

Winterhalder, Bruce. 1981. Foraging Strategies in the Boreal Forest: An Analysis of Cree Hunting and Gathering. In Hunter-Gatherer Foraging Strategies. Bruce Winterhalder and Eric Alden Smith, eds. Pp. 66-98. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Winterhalder, Bruce. 1981. Optimal Foraging Strategies and Hunter-Gatherer Research in Anthropology: Theory and Models. In Hunter-Gatherer Foraging Strategies: Ethnographic and Archeological Analyses. Bruce Winterhalder and Eric Alden Smith, eds. Pp. 218-231. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Winterhalder, Bruce. 1983. Boreal Foraging Strategies. In Boreal Forest Adaptation: The Northern Algonkians. A. Theodore Steegmann, Jr. Pp. 201-241. New York: Plenum.

Winterhalder, Bruce. 1987. The Analysis of Hunter-Gatherer Diets: Stalking an Optimal Foraging Model. In Food and Evolution. Marvin Harris and Eric Ross, eds. Pp. 311-339. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.

Winterhalder, Bruce. 1993. Work, Resources and Population in Foraging Societies. Man 28:321-340.

Winterhalder, Bruce. 1990. Open Field, Common Pot: Harvest Variability and Risk Avoidance in Agricultural and Foraging Societies. In Risk and Uncertainty in Tribal and Peasant Economies. Elizabeth Cashdan, ed. Pp. 67-87. Boulder, Colorado: Westview.

Winterhalder, Bruce. 1996. Social Foraging and the Behavioral Ecology of Intragroup Resource Transfer. Evolutionary Anthropology 5:46-57.

Winterhalder, Bruce. 2001. The Behavioural Ecology of Hunter-Gatherers. In Hunter-Gatherers: An Interdisciplinary Perspective. Catherine Panter-Brick, Robert H. Layton, and Peter Rowley-Conwy, eds. Pp. 12-38. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Winterhalder, Bruce, and C. Goland. 1993. On Population, Foraging Efficiency, and Plant Domestication. Current Anthropology 34:710-715.

Winterhalder, Bruce, and W. Baillargeon, F. Cappelletto, I. Daniel, and C. Prescott. 1988. The Population Ecology of Hunter-Gatherers and Their Prey. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 7:289-328.

Winterhalder, Bruce, and Eric Alden Smith, eds. 1981. Hunter-Gatherer Foraging Strategies: Ethnographic and Archeological Analyses. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Wissler, Clark. 1911. The Social Life of the Blackfoot Indians. American Museum of Natural History Anthropological Papers 7 (Part 1):1-64. New York: American Museum of Natural History.

Wissler, Clark. 1912. Indians of the Plains. New York: American Museum of Natural History.

Wissler, Clark. 1926. The Relation of Nature to Man in Aboriginal North America. New York: Oxford University Press.

Wissler, Clark, and D. C. Duvall. 1908. Mythology of the Blackfoot Indians. American Museum of Natural History Anthropological Papers 2 (Part 1):1-163. New York: American Museum of Natural History.

Wobst, H. M. 1974. Boundary Conditions for Paleolithic Social Systems: A Simulation Approach. American Antiquity 39:147-178.

Wobst, H. M. 1978. The Archaeo-Ethnology of Hunter-Gatherers or the Tyranny of the Ethnographic Record in Archaeology. American Antiquity 43:303-309.

Woodburn, James C. 1964. The Social Organization of the Hadza of North Tanganyika. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Cambridge.

Woodburn, James C. 1968. An Introduction to Hadza Ecology. In Man the Hunter. Richard B. Lee and Irven DeVore, eds. Pp. 19-55. Chicago: Aldine.

Woodburn, James C. 1968. Stability and Flexibility in Hadza Residential Groups. In Man the Hunter. Richard B. Lee and Irven DeVore, eds. Pp. 103-110. Chicago: Aldine.

Woodburn, James C. 1970. Hunters and Gatherers: The Material Culture of the Nomadic Hadza. London: British Museum.

Woodburn, James C. 1972. Ecology, Nomadic Movement, and the Composition of the Local Group among Hunters and Gatherers: An East African Example and Its Implications. In Man, Settlement and Urbanism. Peter J. Ucko, Ruth Tringham, and G. W. Dimbleby, eds. Pp. 193-206. London: Duckworth.

Woodburn, James C. 1979. Minimal Politics: The Political Organization of the Hadza of North Tanzania. In Politics in Leadership: A Comparative Perspective. William A. Shack and Percy S. Cohen, eds. Pp. 244-266. Oxford, England: Clarendon.

Woodburn, James C. 1980. Hunters and Gatherers Today and Reconstruction of the Past. In Soviet and Western Anthropology. Ernest Gellner, ed. Pp. 95-117. New York: Columbia University Press.

Woodburn, James C. 1982. Egalitarian Societies. Man 17:431-451.

Woodburn, James C. 1982. Social Dimensions of Death in Four African Hunting and Gathering Societies. In Death and the Regeneration of Life. Maurice Block and Jonathan Parry, eds. Pp. 187-210. London: Athlone.

Woodburn, James C. 1988. African Hunter-Gatherer Social Organization: Is It Best Understood as a Product of Encapsulation? In Hunters and Gatherers: History, Evolution, and Social Change. Tim Ingold, David Riches, and James C. Woodburn, eds. Pp. 31-64. Oxford: Berg.

Worl, Rosita. 1999. Inupiat Arctic Whalers. In The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Hunters and Gatherers. Richard B. Lee and Richard Daly, eds. Pp. 61-65. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Worsley, P. 1961. The Utilisation of Natural Food Resources by an Australian Aboriginal Tribe. Acta Ethnographica 10:153-190.

Wright, Gary A. 1984. People of the High Country: Jackson Hole Before the Settlers. New York: Lang.

Wright, Katherine I. 1994. Ground-Stone Tools and Hunter-Gatherer Subsistence in Southwest Asia: Implications for the Transition to Farming. American Antiquity 59:238-263.

Wymer, John. 1984. The Palaeolithic Age. London: Croom Helm.

Y Return to Top of this page

Yellen, John E. 1976. Long Term Hunter-Gatherer Adaptation to Desert Environments: A Biogeographical Perspective. World Archaeology 8:262-74.

Yellen, John E. 1976. Settlement Patterns of the !Kung: An Archaeological Perspective. In Kalahari Hunter-Gatherers: Studies of the !Kung San and Their Neighbors. Richard B. Lee and Irven DeVore, eds. Pp. 47-72. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

Yellen, John E. 1977. Archaeological Approaches to the Present: Models for Reconstructing the Past. New York: Academic.

Yellen, John E. 1991. Small Mammals: !Kung San Utilization and the Production of Faunal Assemblages. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 10:1-26.

Yellen, John E., and H. C. Harpending. 1972. Hunter-Gatherer Populations and Archaeological Inference. World Archaeology 4:244-253.

Yellen, John E., and Richard B. Lee. 1976. The Dobe-/Du/da Environment: Background to a Hunting and Gathering Way of Life. In Kalahari Hunter-Gatherers: Studies of the !Kung San and Their Neighbors. Richard B. Lee and Irven DeVore, eds. Pp. 27-46. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

Yen, Douglas E. 1976. The Ethnobotany of the Tasaday: II. Plant Names of the Tasaday, Manobo Blit, and Kemato Tboli. In Further Studies on the Tasaday. Douglas E. Yen and John Nance, eds. Pp. 137-158. Makati, Philippines: PANAMIN.

Yen, Douglas E. 1976. The Ethnobotany of the Tasaday: II. Notes on the Subsistence System. In Further Studies on the Tasaday. Douglas E. Yen and John Nance, eds. Pp. 159-183. Makati, Philippines: PANAMIN.

Yen, Douglas E., and Hermes G. Gutierrez. 1974. The Ethnobotany of the Tasaday: The Useful Plants. Philippine Journal of Science 103:97-139.

Yen, Douglas E., and Hermes G. Gutierrez. 1976. The Ethnobotany of the Tasaday: The Useful Plants. In Further Studies on the Tasaday. Douglas E. Yen and John Nance, eds. Pp. 97-136. Makati, Philippines: PANAMIN.

Yengoyan, Aram A. 1968. Demographic and Ecological Influences on Aboriginal Australian Marriage Sections. In Man the Hunter. Richard B. Lee and Irven DeVore, eds. Pp. 185-199. Chicago: Aldine.

Yengoyan, Aram A. 1972. Biological and Demographic Components in Aboriginal Socio-Economic Organization. Oceania 43:85-95.

Yengoyan, Aram A. 1976. Structure, Event and Ecology in Aboriginal Australia. In Tribes and Boundaries in Australia. Nicolas Peterson, ed. Pp. 121-132. Canberra: Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies.

Yengoyan, Aram A. 1979. Economy, Society, and Myth in Aboriginal Australia. In Annual Review of Anthropology. Bernard J. Siegel, ed. Pp. 393-415. Palo Alto, California: Annual Reviews.

Yesner, David R. 1977. Resource Diversity and Population Stability Among Hunter-Gatherers. Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 7:18-59.

Yesner, David R. 1979. Maritime Hunter-Gatherers: Ecology and Prehistory. Current Anthropology 21:727-750.

Yesner, David R. 1981. Archeological Applications of Optimal Foraging Theory: Harvest Strategies of Aleut Hunter-Gatherers. In Hunter-Gatherer Foraging Strategies: Ethnographic and Archeological Analyses. Bruce Winterhalder and Eric Alden Smith, eds. Pp. 148-170. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Yesner, David R. 1988. Island Biogeography and Prehistoric Human Adaptation on the Southern Coast of Maine (USA). In The Archaeology of Prehistoric Coastlines. Geoff N. Bailey and John Parkington, eds. Pp. 53-63. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Yesner, David R. 1994. Seasonality and Resource "Stress" among Hunter-Gatherers: Archaeological Signatures. In Key Issues in Hunter-Gatherer Research. Ernest S. Burch, Jr., and Linda J. Ellanna, eds. Pp. 151-167. Oxford, England: Berg.

Yu, Pei-Lin. 1997. Hungry Lightning: Notes of a Woman Anthropologist in Venezuela. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.

Z Return to Top of this page

Zegwaard, Gerard A. 1959. Headhunting Practices of the Asmat of Netherlands New Guinea. American Anthropologist 61:1020-1041.

Zeleznik, W. Scott, and Ian M. Bennett. 1991. Assumption Validity in Human Optimal Foraging: The Bari Hunters of Venezuela as a Test Case. Human Ecology 19:499-508.

Zeller, A. C. 1987. A Role for Children in Hominid Evolution. Man 22:528-557.

Zie, Gianna, and Egle Zanardi. 1991. Migration and Genetic Variation. In African Pygmies. Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, ed. Pp. 339-346. New York: Academic.

Zvelebil, Mark. 1986. Postglacial Foraging in the Forests of Europe. Scientific American 254(5):104-115.

Return to Top of this page
Return to AnthroGlobe Bibliographies page
Return to AnthroGlobe e-journal

Page maintained by: Dr T.Matthew Ciolek (tmciolek@coombs.anu.edu.au)

Copyright (c) 1996-2000 by the Centre for Social Anthropology and Computing, University of Kent at Canterbury, UK. This Web page may be linked to any other Web pages. Contents may not be altered. The maintainer does not control or endorse the content of third party Web Sites.

The Centre for Social Anthropology and Computing at the University of Kent, Canterbury, UK on behalf of AnthroGlobe, holds and administers copyright to the bibliography as posted here. Those who submit materials of course retain copyright to their original submission but assign their materials for inclusion in this page and for any other use authorised as above.
Visitors may download one copy for personal academic use. Otherwise, it is forbidden to copy the contents of this bibliography in any format, print or otherwise, unless prior permission is obtained from the above-mentioned Centre. All rights other than those expressed above are reserved

URL: http://coombs.anu.edu.au/Biblio/biblio_forage6.html

[Asian Studies WWW VL] [Pacific Studies WWW VL]

Bibliography of Foraging Peoples: S-Z